Conventional and Unconventional Wars

In 1815, the Duke of Wellington's forces defeated those of Napoleon at the Battle of Waterloo. The battlefield was so small that Wellington personally visited most parts of it while the battle was taking place. Local farmers actually watched the fighting from a hill nearby. The battle ended after one day.

It is difficult to imagine a similar battle today. Modern weapons are so much more destructive than those used in 1815 that civilians near the combat zone would not stay to watch but, if they could, flee for their lives. A modern "battlefield" can include entire countries. Fighting can go on for weeks or even months.

Modern war is different from older wars. This chapter discusses how it differs from earlier wars, when the modern era in warfare began, and some issues for you to think about as you decide whether to be a conscientious objector. It is only an introduction.

When Did Modern War Begin?

How Is Modern War Different?

Total War

Battlefield Tactics

Unconventional Wars and Weapons

War Without Killing

A Final Word

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